9th Class Physics Notes “Muslim Scientist”

Muslim Scientist:

1) Ibn-ul-Haitham:

Full name: His full name was Ali Hassan Ibn-ul-Haitham, in the west he is renowned as Al-Ha-Cen.

Date and place of birth:

Ibn-ul-Haitham was born in 965AD in Busra (Iraq)

Books written by Ibn-ul-Haitham:

Ibn-ul-Haitham wrote many books on physics, medicine chemistry. His greatest work is the book on optics named KITAB-UL-MANAZIR.

Major Contribution:

The major contribution done by the Ibn-ul-Haitham is given below.

1. He performed experiment in the field of optics included lense, mirror, and properties of light i-e propagation, Reflection, Refraction and diffraction.
2. He described the finite speed of light.
3. He described the functional anatomy of the eye.
4. He invented the pin-hole camera.

Date of Death:

Ibn-Ul-Haitham was died on 1034 A-D.

2) Yaqub Kindi:

Full name: His full name was Abu Yousaf Yaqub Ibne Ishaq Al Kindi.

Date and Place of Birth:

He was born in 800AD in Busra (Iraq)

Major contribution:

The major contribution done by the Al-Kindi is given below.

1. Yaqub Al-Kindi Produce extensive work in the field of optics, monograph, metrology, and cosmology.
2. He also did work on specific gravity and on tides.
3. He work in the field of optics especially on the reflection of light.
4. He also did valuable work in the field of medicine.

Date of Death:

Yaqoob Al Kindi was died in 873 A.D.

3) Al-Beruni:

Full name: His full name was Abu Rayhan Muhammad Ibne Ahmad Al Beruni.

Date and place of Birth:

He was born in 973AD in a small town of Afghanistan named Berun.

Book written by Al-Beruni:

Al Beruni wrote about 150 Books on the physics, cosmology, history, geography, culture, medicine. The famous book of Al Beruni are, Qanoon-U Masudi, Kitab-Ul-Hind, Kitab-Ul-Jawahas.

Major contribution:

The major contribution of AL-Beruni is given below.

1. Al-Beruni was the first scientist who had calculated the value of latitude and longitudes of earth.
2. He determined that the earth rotate along its axis, and that how the day and night changes.
3. Al-Beruni discussed the shape of earth, and the movement of sun and moon.

Date of death:

He was died in 1048 A-D.

4) Dr-Abdul Qadeer Khan:

Date and place of Birth:

Dr-Abdul Qadeer khan was born in 1936 in Bhopal (India)

Education:

Dr-Qadeer Khan got his master degree from Pakistan, and get degree from leven university of Belgium.

Major contribution:

The major contribution did by Dr-Abdul Qadeer khan are given below.

1. Dr-Qadeer khan served as an expert with collaboration of government of Holland in Urinco enrichment plant.
2. He established a nuclear laboratory called kahuta research laboratory (K.R.L) in 1976.
3. He worked as both senior scientist and director general of K.R.L till retirement.
4. Dr-Qadeer Khan founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan atomic bomb project.

Awards:

The awards given to the Dr-Qadeer Khan given.

1. He was awarded Nishan-e-Imtiaz.
2. In the appreciation of Dr-Qadeer Khan work the kahuta research laboratory is renamed as Dr-Abdul Qadeer Khan research laboratory.

5) Dr-Abdusalam:

Date and place of Birth:

Dr Abdusalam was born in 1926 in Jhung Pakistan.

Education:

Dr Abdusalam studied from government college Lahore and was awarded scholarship for advance studies in U.K where he got Phd degree.

Major Contribution:

The major contribution of Abdussalam are given below.

1. He presented a theory called Grand unification theory (GUT).
2. He established international center for the theoretical physics in teriste Italy.

Awards:

Dr Abdussalam was awarded noble prize for his grand unification theory in 1979.

Date of Death:

Dr-Abdussalam was died in 1996, and buried in Jhung.

Q: Physics in the light of verse of Holly Quran?

Ans:

Importance of physics in the light of the verse of Holly Quran:

Physics is the root of all field of science, for instance there are many phenomena that was not discovered by physics. However, there are explained in, many verse of Holly Quran, some of them are given below.

1) Verse about water:

In Surah-Al-Anbya it was revealed “We made every living thing from water, will they not believe?”

And it was only after the discovery of microscope that is was concluded that all living things consist of mostly water.

2) Verse about Sky protection:

“In surah Al-Anbya Allah (SWT) says, and we made sky as protect ceiling but they from its signs are turning away”. The sky gives the earth as protective layer.

3) Verse about the expansion of universe:

In Surah Adh-Dhariyat Allah (SWT) says “And the heaven we constructed with strength and indeed we are expands? Today Stephon Hawking in his book “A Brief History of Time”, the discovery that the universe is expanding.
4) Verse about universe i-e Big Bang theory:

In Surah All Anbya Allah (SWT) also state “Have those who disbelieved not considered that the heaven and the earth were a joined entity, and we separated them”.

5) Verse about the sun moving in an orbit:

In Surah All-Anbya it state “And it is he who created the night and the day, the sun, the moon and all in an orbit are swimming”. Today astronomer believed that the sun, the moon and all the other bodies in the universe are moving in an orbit and constantly moving.